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Why does stainless steel material rust?

Number of Views: 464Release time: August 18, 2020

Stainless steel materialStainless steel, as its name suggests, refers to the steel resistant to the corrosion of weak corrosive media such as air, steam and water and chemical corrosive media such as acid, alkali and salt, also known as stainless and acid resistant steel.


However, in practical applications, some stainless steel has accidentally rusted.


Stainless steel materials show rust, which may be due to the following reasons:


First, intergranular erosion is generated.This material without titanium and niobium has the tendency of intergranular corrosion. Intercrystalline erosion can be reduced by adding titanium and niobium and constant treatment. It is a kind of high alloy steel that can resist corrosion in air or chemical corrosion medium. Stainless steel has beautiful profile and good corrosion resistance. It does not need to be treated by plating color. It is a kind of steel used in many aspects. It is usually called stainless steel. Representative functions include 13 chromium steel, 18-8 chromium nickel steel and other high alloy steel. From the perspective of metallography, because stainless steel contains chromium, a very thin chromium film is formed on the surface. This film is separated from the oxygen invaded in the steel and has the effect of corrosion resistance. In order to maintain the inherent corrosion resistance of stainless steel, the steel must contain more than 12% chromium. Used in places requiring welding. The low carbon content reduces the precipitation of carbides in the heat affected zone close to the weld to a minimum, and the precipitation of carbides may lead to intergranular corrosion and welding corrosion of stainless steel in some cases.


Second, there is no solid solution treatment.The alloy elements do not dissolve into the matrix, resulting in low alloy content and poor corrosion resistance.


Third, there are chloride ions in the utilization situation.Chloride ions are common, such as salt / sweat / sea water / sea wind / soil, etc. In the case of chloride ion, stainless steel erodes rapidly, even crossing the popular low-carbon steel. Therefore, there are requirements for the utilization of stainless steel, and it is necessary to wipe it frequently to remove dust and keep it clean and dry. (in this way, you can give him a "improper use".)


There is an example in the United States: an enterprise uses an oak container to contain a solution containing chloride ions. The container has been used for more than 100 years. In the 1990s, it plans to change it. Because the oak material is not modern enough, the container leaks due to erosion 16 days after it is changed with stainless steel.


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